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Tax Collections Issues
dealing with the IRS |
| Overview | |
| The Collection Division of the Internal Revenue Service is
charged with the task of collecting overdue taxes and securing past due tax returns.
A taxpayer might come into contact with the Collections Division after having ignored
multiple notices to pay certain taxes or to file certain tax returns. Clearly the earlier a taxpayer takes positive action to correct a situation, the better. Often times it will be beneficial to retain a tax professional to represent the taxpayer. Dealing with the Collections Division is a specialty in and of itself, and the actual numbers of CPAs or attorneys that practice in this area is quite small. Like any other discipline, knowing the ins and outs of practice can make all the difference in the World. This site discusses some of the issues that a taxpayer with a tax collection problem may face, and some possible solutions that an experienced tax professional may seek. |
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| Failure to file tax returns | |
| Failure to file tax returns is
one of the more serious situations when dealing with the IRS. Under certain
circumstances, failing to file a return that is required to be filed, could be grounds for
criminal prosecution. Clearly, when a taxpayer is contacted by the Internal Revenue Service about a tax return which was never filed, a taxpayer should immediately retain a tax professional to represent him. Tax professionals should tread very lightly in this arena, and look for signs of possible criminal investigation or the possibility of criminal investigation, and refer the client to a criminal tax attorney, when indicated. Only an attorney is equipped with the shield of confidentiality in a criminal matter. An experienced CPA or Enrolled Agent will know when a referral to an attorney is merited. Once the background of the situation has been survey by a tax professional, the unfiled returns should be prepared and filed, even if the client cannot pay the tax in full at the time of filing the returns. For more information on failure to file tax returns, click here. |
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| Delinquent tax returns | |
| Often the first order of business
in dealing with a tax collection problem is the preparation and filing of any delinquent
tax returns. The IRS is unable to enter into a long-term payment arrangement or an
offer in compromise, until all outstanding tax returns have been filed. Since failure to timely file a tax return which is required by law to be filed can be a crime, it is important that all tax returns be prepared and filed. If the taxpayer is unable to pay the tax in full, the return should never the less be filed. Inability to pay a tax is not, in and of itself, a crime. Clearly, when a taxpayer is contacted by the Internal Revenue Service about a delinquent tax return, a taxpayer should immediately retain a tax professional to represent him. Tax professionals should look for signs of possible criminal investigation or the possibility of criminal investigation, and refer the client to a criminal tax attorney, when indicated. Only an attorney is equipped with the shield of confidentiality in a criminal matter. An experienced CPA or Enrolled Agent will know when a referral to an attorney is merited. For more information on delinquent tax returns, click here. |
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| Payroll tax issues | |
| Payroll tax issues, at the
employer level, present a special situation. Unlike income taxes, payroll taxes that
are withheld from employees are "trust fund taxes," and the collection and
remittance of trust fund taxes is treated much more seriously under law, and by the IRS.
Additionally, many taxes may be discharged in bankruptcy, but payroll trust fund
taxes are non-dischargable. For more information on payroll tax issues, click here. |
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| Levy upon wages or bank account | |
| Failure to respond to repeated
notices requesting payment of past due taxes may ultimately result in the IRS levying --
seizing -- a taxpayer's wages or bank account. Since either or both are easy targets, this
is often done by a computer-generated notice with little or no human intervention. Generally speaking, a taxpayer can have a levy lifted -- removed -- with the proper request. For more information on levy actions, click here. |
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| Tax Liens | |
| A Federal Tax Lien is a notice
that you owe the IRS money. The lien itself "attaches" to certain property
that you might own, and is recorded in the local courthouse, and possibly at the state
level. A Federal Tax Lien will generally appear on a taxpayer's credit report, and may adversely affect one's ability to sell property or obtain credit, but does not, in and of itself, actually seize property. For more information on tax liens, click here. |
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| Installment payment plans | |
| If a taxpayer is unable to pay the
taxes due in a short period of time, a longer-term installment plan is often negotiated by
a tax professional with the IRS. While results can vary widely, and differ greatly depending upon the type of tax due, and whether the taxpayer is a business or individual, the monthly payment is based more on ability to pay, and less on the actual tax due. For more information on installment payment plans, click here. |
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| Offer in compromise | |
| If a taxpayer is unable to pay the
taxes due in a short period of time, an offer in compromise might be negotiated by a tax
professional with the IRS. An offer is presented that provides the government with a sum of money -- often pennies on a dollar -- in full settlement of all tax debts owed. The successful offer is calculated based upon the net assets of the taxpayer and the taxpayer's anticipated monthly cash flow over the next few years. For more information on offer in compromise, click here. |
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| Bankruptcy | |
| In areas of tax practice,
bankruptcy presents some very special situations. There is an area of the law where
bankruptcy law and tax law overlap, and many times a bankruptcy lawyer is not specialized
in tax law, and a tax lawyer or CPA is not specialized in bankruptcy law. Bankruptcy might be an option for taxpayers with extreme debt, and many taxes are eligible for discharge in bankruptcy. In addition, there are very specialized accounting and tax considerations for businesses and individuals in a bankruptcy case -- Chapter 7, 11 or 13. Certainly these matters indicate the need for a specialist. At Gill & Company, we bridge the gap between disciplines, and assist bankruptcy counsel, where indicated, and work with our clients in planning for bankruptcy, and otherwise assist in areas of "insolvency accounting and taxation. For more information on bankruptcy, click here. |
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| Ten (10) year statute of limitations | |
| Generally speaking, the IRS is
limited to a ten (10) year period from the date of assessment of a tax liability to
actually collect the taxes due. This is an important fact when planning a course of
action with a taxpayer who is unable to pay his tax liability in full over a period of a
few years. For more information on collections statute of limitations, click here. |
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| Retaining a professional to represent the taxpayer | |
| Representation of a taxpayer in a
collection case before the IRS is not brain surgery. Then again, it might as well
be. This is an area of tax practice that is sufficiently different from other areas,
that professionals who practice in this are have chosen to specialize. As a matter
of fact, in dealing with the IRS, there is very little that a taxpayer can say that will
help him, and there is a great deal that can be said that will hurt him. When a taxpayer has a tax collection problem, it is not the time to experiment. Having an effective representative will take the emotions out of the process, and allow the representative to concentrate on closing the file at the IRS office, and helping the taxpayer regain productivity. There is a choice when choosing a tax professional. Attorneys, CPAs and Enrolled Agents are recognized by the IRS as authorized to practice in this arena. Others can also represent certain taxpayers. Often times, the choice of professional is determined by factors such as experience and credibility, rather than solely based upon credentials. For more information on retaining a tax professional, click here. |
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| Links to other sources | |